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RE: Difference in assemble language


Hi,

Below is three things. First the part of the makefiles that handles the .s
file. Second is the error that i get when i try to assemble the file. Third
is the actual file, the cstartup_angel.s

I think that i have two ways to go. One is to correct the cstartup_angel.s
file so that i can be use together with gcc. The other way is to find a file
that does the same thing but is meant to work with the GNU tools. Does
anyone know were to find such a project?

Regards,

/Daniel



Part of MAKEFILE:
----------------
%.o: %.S
	$(XCC) -c -o $*.o $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRACFLAGS) $<
----------------

Here comes the error output from the assembler. 

------------------
bash.exe-2.04$ make
as   -o cstartup_angel.o cstartup_angel.s
cstartup_angel.s: Assembler messages:
cstartup_angel.s:16: Error: no such instruction: `area
reset,CODE,READONLY,INTERWORK'
cstartup_angel.s:18: Error: no such instruction: `include
targets/eb40/eb40.inc'
cstartup_angel.s:21: Error: invalid character '_' in mnemonic
cstartup_angel.s:21: Error: Rest of line ignored. First ignored character is
`3'.
cstartup_angel.s:22: Error: invalid character '_' in mnemonic
cstartup_angel.s:22: Error: Rest of line ignored. First ignored character is
`3'.
cstartup_angel.s:23: Error: invalid character '_' in mnemonic
cstartup_angel.s:23: Error: Rest of line ignored. First ignored character is
`3'.
cstartup_angel.s:24: Error: invalid character '_' in mnemonic
cstartup_angel.s:24: Error: Rest of line ignored. First ignored character is
`3'.
cstartup_angel.s:25: Error: invalid character '_' in mnemonic
cstartup_angel.s:25: Error: Rest of line ignored. First ignored character is
`4'.
cstartup_angel.s:27: Error: no such instruction: `import main'
cstartup_angel.s:29: Error: no such instruction: `import |Image$$RO$$Limit|'
cstartup_angel.s:29: Error: no such instruction: `end of ROM code (=start of
ROM data)'
cstartup_angel.s:30: Error: no such instruction: `import |Image$$RW$$Base|'
cstartup_angel.s:30: Error: no such instruction: `base of RAM to initialise'
cstartup_angel.s:31: Error: no such instruction: `import |Image$$ZI$$Base|'
cstartup_angel.s:31: Error: no such instruction: `base and limit of area'
cstartup_angel.s:32: Error: no such instruction: `import |Image$$ZI$$Limit|'
cstartup_angel.s:32: Error: no such instruction: `to zero initialise'
cstartup_angel.s:34: Error: no such instruction: `import __entry'
cstartup_angel.s:34: Error: no such instruction: `semihosting Entry point'
cstartup_angel.s:37: Error: no such instruction: `export __main'
cstartup_angel.s:38: Error: invalid character '_' in mnemonic
cstartup_angel.s:42: Error: no such instruction: `entry '
cstartup_angel.s:45: Error: no such instruction: `rstvec '
cstartup_angel.s:46: Error: no such instruction: `b InitReset'
cstartup_angel.s:46: Error: no such instruction: `reset '
cstartup_angel.s:47: Error: no such instruction: `undefvec '
cstartup_angel.s:48: Error: no such instruction: `b undefvec'
cstartup_angel.s:48: Error: no such instruction: `undefined Instruction'
cstartup_angel.s:49: Error: no such instruction: `swivec '
cstartup_angel.s:50: Error: no such instruction: `b swivec'
cstartup_angel.s:50: Error: no such instruction: `software Interrupt'
cstartup_angel.s:51: Error: no such instruction: `pabtvec '
cstartup_angel.s:52: Error: no such instruction: `b pabtvec'
cstartup_angel.s:53: Error: no such instruction: `dabtvec '
cstartup_angel.s:54: Error: no such instruction: `b dabtvec'
cstartup_angel.s:54: Error: no such instruction: `data Abort'
cstartup_angel.s:55: Error: no such instruction: `rsvdvec '
cstartup_angel.s:56: Error: no such instruction: `b rsvdvec'
cstartup_angel.s:56: Error: no such instruction: `reserved '
cstartup_angel.s:57: Error: no such instruction: `irqvec '
cstartup_angel.s:58: Error: no such instruction: `ldr pc,[pc,'
cstartup_angel.s:59: Error: no such instruction: `fiqvec '
cstartup_angel.s:60: Error: no such instruction: `ldr pc,[pc,'
cstartup_angel.s:65: Error: no such instruction: `inittableebi '
cstartup_angel.s:66: Error: no such instruction: `dcd 0x01002529'
cstartup_angel.s:66: Error: Rest of line ignored. First ignored character is
`0'.
cstartup_angel.s:67: Error: no such instruction: `dcd 0x02002121'
cstartup_angel.s:67: Error: Rest of line ignored. First ignored character is
`0'.
cstartup_angel.s:68: Error: no such instruction: `dcd 0x20000000'
cstartup_angel.s:68: Error: no such instruction: `unused '
cstartup_angel.s:69: Error: no such instruction: `dcd 0x30000000'
cstartup_angel.s:69: Error: no such instruction: `unused '
cstartup_angel.s:70: Error: no such instruction: `dcd 0x40000000'
cstartup_angel.s:70: Error: no such instruction: `unused '
cstartup_angel.s:71: Error: no such instruction: `dcd 0x50000000'
cstartup_angel.s:71: Error: no such instruction: `unused '
cstartup_angel.s:72: Error: no such instruction: `dcd 0x60000000'
cstartup_angel.s:72: Error: no such instruction: `unused '
cstartup_angel.s:73: Error: no such instruction: `dcd 0x70000000'
cstartup_angel.s:73: Error: no such instruction: `unused '
cstartup_angel.s:74: Error: no such instruction: `dcd 0x00000001'
cstartup_angel.s:74: Error: no such instruction: `remap command'
cstartup_angel.s:75: Error: no such instruction: `dcd 0x00000006'
cstartup_angel.s:75: Error: Rest of line ignored. First ignored character is
`6'.
cstartup_angel.s:77: Error: no such instruction: `dcd EBI_BASE'
cstartup_angel.s:77: Error: no such instruction: `ebi Base Address'
cstartup_angel.s:78: Error: no such instruction: `initreset '
cstartup_angel.s:82: Error: no such instruction: `ldr r10,PtInitTableEBI'
cstartup_angel.s:82: Error: no such instruction: `get the address of the
chip select register image'
cstartup_angel.s:85: Error: too many memory references for `movs'
cstartup_angel.s:87: Error: no such instruction: `moveq r10,r10,LSL'
cstartup_angel.s:88: Error: no such instruction: `moveq r10,r10,LSR'
cstartup_angel.s:92: Error: no such instruction: `ldr r12,PtInitRemap'
cstartup_angel.s:92: Error: no such instruction: `get the real jump address
( after remap)'
cstartup_angel.s:95: Error: no such instruction: `ldmia r10!,{r0-r9,r11}'
cstartup_angel.s:95: Error: no such instruction: `load the complete image
and the EBI base'
cstartup_angel.s:96: Error: no such instruction: `stmia r11!,{r0-r9}'
cstartup_angel.s:96: Error: no such instruction: `store the complete image
with the remap command'
cstartup_angel.s:99: Error: too many memory references for `mov'
cstartup_angel.s:99: Error: no such instruction: `jump and break the
pipeline'
cstartup_angel.s:101: Error: no such instruction: `ptinittableebi '
cstartup_angel.s:102: Error: no such instruction: `dcd InitTableEBI'
cstartup_angel.s:102: Error: no such instruction: `table for EBI
initialization'
cstartup_angel.s:103: Error: no such instruction: `ptinitremap '
cstartup_angel.s:104: Error: no such instruction: `dcd InitRemap'
cstartup_angel.s:104: Error: no such instruction: `address where to jump
after REMAP'
cstartup_angel.s:105: Error: no such instruction: `ptinitvector '
cstartup_angel.s:106: Error: no such instruction: `dcd rstvec'
cstartup_angel.s:106: Error: no such instruction: `table for vector
initialization'
cstartup_angel.s:108: Error: no such instruction: `initremap '
cstartup_angel.s:112: Error: expecting operand after ','; got nothing
cstartup_angel.s:113: Error: no such instruction: `msr CPSR_c,r1'
cstartup_angel.s:114: Error: no such instruction: `ldr r13,=RAM_LIMIT'
cstartup_angel.s:115: Error: too many memory references for `mov'
cstartup_angel.s:116: Error: too many memory references for `sub'
cstartup_angel.s:119: Error: expecting operand after ','; got nothing
cstartup_angel.s:120: Error: no such instruction: `msr CPSR_c,r1'
cstartup_angel.s:121: Error: too many memory references for `mov'
cstartup_angel.s:122: Error: too many memory references for `sub'
cstartup_angel.s:125: Error: expecting operand after ','; got nothing
cstartup_angel.s:126: Error: no such instruction: `msr CPSR_c,r1'
cstartup_angel.s:127: Error: too many memory references for `mov'
cstartup_angel.s:128: Error: too many memory references for `sub'
cstartup_angel.s:131: Error: expecting operand after ','; got nothing
cstartup_angel.s:132: Error: no such instruction: `msr CPSR_c,r1'
cstartup_angel.s:133: Error: too many memory references for `mov'
cstartup_angel.s:134: Error: too many memory references for `sub'
cstartup_angel.s:137: Error: expecting operand after ','; got nothing
cstartup_angel.s:138: Error: no such instruction: `msr cpsr_c,r0'
cstartup_angel.s:139: Error: no such instruction: `ldr r13,=EXT_SRAM_LIMIT'
cstartup_angel.s:140: Error: too many memory references for `sub'
cstartup_angel.s:144: Error: expecting operand after ','; got nothing
cstartup_angel.s:145: Error: no such instruction: `msr cpsr_c,r0'
cstartup_angel.s:146: Error: too many memory references for `mov'
cstartup_angel.s:156: Error: no such instruction: `ldr
r0,=|Image$$RO$$Limit|'
cstartup_angel.s:156: Error: no such instruction: `get pointer to ROM data'
cstartup_angel.s:157: Error: no such instruction: `ldr
r1,=|Image$$RW$$Base|'
cstartup_angel.s:157: Error: ignoring junk `copy' after expression
cstartup_angel.s:157: Error: suffix or operands invalid for `and'
cstartup_angel.s:158: Error: no such instruction: `ldr
r3,=|Image$$ZI$$Base|'
cstartup_angel.s:158: Error: no such instruction: `zero init base=>top of
initialised data'
cstartup_angel.s:159: Error: too many memory references for `cmp'
cstartup_angel.s:159: Error: no such instruction: `check that they are
different'
cstartup_angel.s:160: Error: no such instruction: `beq NoRW'
cstartup_angel.s:161: Error: no such instruction: `looprw cmp r1,r3'
cstartup_angel.s:161: Error: no such instruction: `copy init data'
cstartup_angel.s:162: Error: no such instruction: `ldrcc r2,[r0],'
cstartup_angel.s:163: Error: no such instruction: `strcc r2,[r1],'
cstartup_angel.s:164: Error: no such instruction: `bcc LoopRw'
cstartup_angel.s:165: Error: no such instruction: `norw ldr
r1,=|Image$$ZI$$Limit|'
cstartup_angel.s:165: Error: no such instruction: `top of zero init segment'
cstartup_angel.s:166: Error: expecting operand after ','; got nothing
cstartup_angel.s:167: Error: no such instruction: `loopzi cmp r3,r1'
cstartup_angel.s:167: Error: no such instruction: `zero init'
cstartup_angel.s:168: Error: no such instruction: `strcc r2,[r3],'
cstartup_angel.s:169: Error: no such instruction: `bcc LoopZI'
cstartup_angel.s:174: Error: no such instruction: `b __entry'
cstartup_angel.s:176: Error: no such instruction: `end '
make: *** [cstartup_angel.o] Error 1
bash.exe-2.04$



And here is the file that i am trying to assemble:


--------------------------------

/*;-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----*/
/*;-         ATMEL Microcontroller Software Support  -  ROUSSET  -
*/
/*;-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----*/
/*; The software is delivered "AS IS" without warranty or condition of any
*/
/*; kind, either express, implied or statutory. This includes without
*/
/*; limitation any warranty or condition with respect to merchantability or
*/
/*; fitness for any particular purpose, or against the infringements of
*/
/*; intellectual property rights of others.
*/
/*;-------------------------------------------------------------------------
----*/
/*;- File source          : cstartup_angel.s
*/
/*;- Object               : Boot of the r40807 Evaluation Board
*/
/*;-
*/
/*;- 1.0 06/04/00 JPP     : Creation
*/
/*;-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----*/

                AREA        reset, CODE, READONLY, INTERWORK

                INCLUDE     targets/eb40/eb40.inc

/*;- Stack Sizes Definition*/
IRQ_STACK_SIZE      EQU     (3*8*4)     ; 3 words per interrupt priority
level
FIQ_STACK_SIZE      EQU     (3*4)       ; 3 word
ABT_STACK_SIZE      EQU     (3*4)       ; 3 word
UND_STACK_SIZE      EQU     (3*4)       ; 3 words
SYS_STACK_SIZE      EQU     (4*1024)    ; 4Kbytes

                IMPORT      main

                IMPORT      |Image$$RO$$Limit|  ; End of ROM code (=start of
ROM data)
                IMPORT      |Image$$RW$$Base|   ; Base of RAM to initialise
                IMPORT      |Image$$ZI$$Base|   ; Base and limit of area
                IMPORT      |Image$$ZI$$Limit|  ; to zero initialise

                IMPORT      __entry             ; Semihosting Entry point

/*;- Define "__main" to ensure that C runtime system is not linked*/
                EXPORT      __main
__main

/*;-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----*/
/*;- Define the entry point*/
                ENTRY
/*;- Exception vectors*/
/*;- -----------------*/
rstvec
                B           InitReset ; reset
undefvec
                B           undefvec ; Undefined Instruction
swivec
                B           swivec   ; Software Interrupt
pabtvec
                B           pabtvec  ; Prefetch Abort
dabtvec
                B           dabtvec  ; Data Abort
rsvdvec
                B           rsvdvec  ; reserved
irqvec
                ldr         pc, [pc,#-0xF20]        ; IRQ : read the AIC
fiqvec
                ldr         pc, [pc,#-0xF20]        ; FIQ : read the AIC

/*;- EBI Initialization Data*/
/*;-------------------------*/
/*; 32,768MHz master clock assumed*/
InitTableEBI
            DCD         0x01002529  ; 0x01000000, 16MB, 2 tdf, 16 bits, 2 WS
            DCD         0x02002121  ; 0x02000000, 16MB, 0 hold, 16 bits, 1
WS
            DCD         0x20000000  ; unused
            DCD         0x30000000  ; unused
            DCD         0x40000000  ; unused
            DCD         0x50000000  ; unused
            DCD         0x60000000  ; unused
            DCD         0x70000000  ; unused
            DCD         0x00000001  ; REMAP command
            DCD         0x00000006  ; 6 memory regions, standard read

            DCD         EBI_BASE    ; EBI Base Address
InitReset
/*;- Initialise the Memory Controller*/
/*;----------------------------------*/
/*;- | Copy the Image of the Memory Controller*/
                ldr         r10, PtInitTableEBI     ; get the address of the
chip select register image

/*;- | If pc > 0x100000*/
                movs        r0, pc, LSR #20
/*;- | | Mask the 12 highest bits of the address*/
                moveq       r10, r10, LSL #12
                moveq       r10, r10, LSR #12
/*;- | EndIf*/

/*;- | Load the address where to jump*/
                ldr         r12, PtInitRemap        ; get the real jump
address ( after remap )

/*;- | Copy Chip Select Register Image to Memory Controller and command
remap*/
                ldmia       r10!, {r0-r9,r11}       ; load the complete
image and the EBI base
                stmia       r11!, {r0-r9}           ; store the complete
image with the remap command

/*;- | Jump to ROM at its new address*/
                mov         pc, r12                 ; jump and break the
pipeline

PtInitTableEBI
                DCD         InitTableEBI            ; Table for EBI
initialization
PtInitRemap
                DCD         InitRemap               ; address where to jump
after REMAP
PtInitVector
                DCD         rstvec                  ; Table for vector
initialization

InitRemap
/*;- Setup the stack for each mode*/
/*;-------------------------------*/
/*;- | Set up Fast Interrupt mode and set FIQ stack*/
                mov         r1, #ARM_MODE_FIQ:OR:I_BIT:OR:F_BIT
                msr         CPSR_c, r1
                ldr         r13, =RAM_LIMIT
                mov         r0, r13
                sub         r0, r0, #FIQ_STACK_SIZE

/*;- | Set up Interrupt mode and set IRQ stack*/
                mov         r1, #ARM_MODE_IRQ:OR:I_BIT:OR:F_BIT
                msr         CPSR_c, r1
                mov         r13, r0
                sub         r0, r0, #IRQ_STACK_SIZE

/*;- | Set up Abort mode and set Abort stack*/
                mov         r1, #ARM_MODE_ABORT:OR:I_BIT:OR:F_BIT
                msr         CPSR_c, r1
                mov         r13, r0
                sub         r0, r0, #ABT_STACK_SIZE

/*;- | Set up Interrupt mode and set undefine stack*/
                mov         r1, #ARM_MODE_UNDEF:OR:I_BIT:OR:F_BIT
                msr         CPSR_c, r1
                mov         r13, r0
                sub         r0, r0, #UND_STACK_SIZE

/*;- | Set up the User/system mode and stack pointer on the top of the
external RAM*/
                mov         r0, #ARM_MODE_SYS:OR:I_BIT:OR:F_BIT ; No
interrupts
                msr         cpsr_c, r0
                ldr         r13, =EXT_SRAM_LIMIT
                sub         r4, r13, #SYS_STACK_SIZE

/*;- Setup Application Operating Mode and Enable the interrupts*/
/*;- ----------------------------------------------------------*/
                mov         r0, #ARM_MODE_USER
                msr         cpsr_c, r0
                mov         r13, r4

/*;- Diasable peripherial clock USART0 must be set for angel*/
/*;----------------------------------------------------------
                mov         r0,#(0xffffffff:AND:(:NOT:(0x01:SHL:US0_ID)))
                ldr         r1,=PS_BASE
                str         r0,[r1, #PS_PCDR]

/*;- Initialise C variables*/
/*;- ----------------------*/
                ldr         r0, =|Image$$RO$$Limit| ; Get pointer to ROM
data
                ldr         r1, =|Image$$RW$$Base|  ; and RAM copy
                ldr         r3, =|Image$$ZI$$Base|  ; Zero init base => top
of initialised data
                cmp         r0, r1                  ; Check that they are
different
                beq         NoRW
LoopRw          cmp         r1, r3                  ; Copy init data
                ldrcc       r2, [r0], #4
                strcc       r2, [r1], #4
                bcc         LoopRw
NoRW            ldr         r1, =|Image$$ZI$$Limit| ; Top of zero init
segment
                mov         r2, #0
LoopZI          cmp         r3, r1                  ; Zero init
                strcc       r2, [r3], #4
                bcc         LoopZI

/*;- Branch on Entry point*/
/*;- ---------------------*/
/*;- Allows semihosting initialisation*/
                b           __entry

            END

















-----Original Message-----
From: Clive Davies [mailto:cdavies@altera.com]
Sent: den 28 mars 2001 10:11
To: Andersson Daniel
Cc: crossgcc@sourceware.cygnus.com
Subject: RE: Difference in assemble language




> but i seems like the assemler language isn't the same for ARM 
> and gcc. When
> i assemble cstartup_angel.s i get very much "No such 
> instruction"-comments
> from the assembler.
> 

The assembly language is the same, but there are differences in the way that
thing like labels and assembler directives are specified. If you send the
error messages and the lines that cause the problem (or at least some
examples) it will be easier to suggest what the problem might be.

Clive

------
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