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Hi, Peter, I really appreciate your help. I am new to cross compiling, still learning and doing experiments. I believe crosstool builds binutils first for mips and the version is 2.14.90.0.5. May I ask one more newbie question to confirm: where is exactly the CPU definition while compiling gcc? Here is the output after adding '-v' option: ============================================================================ =========================================== /opt/crosstool/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-glibc-2.3.2/bin/mipsel-unk nown-linux-gnu-gcc -v -D__KERNEL__ -I/home/build/src_tree/os/linux/include -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wno-trigraphs -O2 -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -g -fomit-frame-pointer -I /home/build/src_tree/os/linux/include/asm/gcc -G 0 -mno-abicalls -fno-pic -pipe -mcpu=r4600 -mips2 -Wa,--trap -DKBUILD_BASENAME=main -c -o init/main.o init/main.c Reading specs from /opt/crosstool/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-glibc-2.3.2/lib/gcc-lib/mi psel-unknown-linux-gnu/3.2.3/specs Configured with: /home/build/test/crosstool-0.26/build/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-gli bc-2.3.2/gcc-3.2.3/configure --target=mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu --host=i686-host_pc-linux-gnu --prefix=/opt/crosstool/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-glibc-2.3.2 --with-headers=/opt/crosstool/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-glibc-2.3.2 /mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/include --with-local-prefix=/opt/crosstool/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-glibc- 2.3.2/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu --disable-nls --enable-threads=posix --enable-symvers=gnu --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-shared --enable-c99 --enable-long-long Thread model: posix gcc version 3.2.3 /opt/crosstool/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-glibc-2.3.2/lib/gcc-lib/mi psel-unknown-linux-gnu/3.2.3/cc1 -lang-c -v -I/home/build/src_tree/os/linux/include -I /home/build/src_tree/os/linux/include/asm/gcc -D__GNUC__=3 -D__GNUC_MINOR__=2 -D__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__=3 -D__GXX_ABI_VERSION=102 -DMIPSEL -D_MIPSEL -Dunix -Dmips -D_mips -DR3000 -D_R3000 -D__gnu_linux__ -Dlinux -D__ELF__ -D__PIC__ -D__pic__ -D__MIPSEL__ -D_MIPSEL -D__unix__ -D__mips__ -D__mips__ -D__R3000__ -D_R3000 -D__gnu_linux__ -D__linux__ -D__ELF__ -D__PIC__ -D__pic__ -D__MIPSEL -D__unix -D__mips -D__mips -D__R3000 -D__linux -Asystem=posix -Acpu=mips -Amachine=mips -D__OPTIMIZE__ -D__STDC_HOSTED__=1 -D__LANGUAGE_C -D_LANGUAGE_C -DLANGUAGE_C -D__SIZE_TYPE__=unsigned int -D__PTRDIFF_TYPE__=int -D__mips_fpr=32 -D_MIPS_FPSET=32 -D_MIPS_ISA=_MIPS_ISA_MIPS2 -D_MIPS_SIM=_MIPS_SIM_ABI32 -D_MIPS_SZINT=32 -D_MIPS_SZLONG=32 -D_MIPS_SZPTR=32 -U__mips64 -U__PIC__ -U__pic__ -D__KERNEL__ -DKBUILD_BASENAME=main init/main.c -quiet -dumpbase main.c -mno-abicalls -mcpu=r4600 -mips2 -g -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wno-trigraphs -version -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -fomit-frame-pointer -fno-pic -o - | /opt/crosstool/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-glibc-2.3.2/lib/gcc-lib/mi psel-unknown-linux-gnu/3.2.3/../../../../mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/as -G 0 -mips2 -O2 -g0 -mcpu=r4600 -v -non_shared --trap -o init/main.o - GNU CPP version 3.2.3 (cpplib) (MIPSel GNU/Linux with ELF) GNU C version 3.2.3 (mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu) compiled by GNU C version 3.2 20020903 (Red Hat Linux 8.0 3.2-7). /opt/crosstool/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-glibc-2.3.2/lib/gcc-lib/mi psel-unknown-linux-gnu/3.2.3/../../../../mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/as: unrecognized option `-mcpu=r4600' #include "..." search starts here: #include <...> search starts here: /home/build/src_tree/os/linux/include /home/build/src_tree/os/linux/include/asm/gcc /opt/crosstool/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-glibc-2.3.2/include /opt/crosstool/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-glibc-2.3.2/lib/gcc-lib/mi psel-unknown-linux-gnu/3.2.3/include /opt/crosstool/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-glibc-2.3.2/mipsel-unknown -linux-gnu/sys-include /opt/crosstool/mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu/gcc-3.2.3-glibc-2.3.2/mipsel-unknown -linux-gnu/include ============================================================================ ====================================== -----Original Message----- From: Peter Barada [mailto:peter@the-baradas.com] Sent: Thursday, January 29, 2004 4:07 PM To: Johnut01@noa.nintendo.com Cc: Xu, Jiang; crossgcc@sources.redhat.com Subject: Re: unrecognized option '-mcpu=r4600' >I am frustrated these days by a compiling error when I try to cross >compile linux. Here are the data I used to compile the toolchain: >crosstool 0.26 >gcc-3.2.3 glibc-2.3.2 linux-2.4.18 > >I successfully compiled the toolchain, but when I try to use it to >cross compile linux, the following error occurs: > .../.../as: unrecognized option '-mcpu=r4600' What's the output of adding -v to the gcc compile line(just one attempted compliation please) It looks like the assembler that GCC is calling is not happy with what cpu selection is is being passed from gcc. Did you build a binutils first for mips, and if so, what version of biuntils did you build? Does gcc even find the assembler that you built, or is it finding the system assembler instead? -- Peter Barada peter@the-baradas.com ------ Want more information? See the CrossGCC FAQ, http://www.objsw.com/CrossGCC/ Want to unsubscribe? Send a note to crossgcc-unsubscribe@sources.redhat.com
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