GCC ARM Linker Problem- Static function

[Kanwal Preet Singh CHANANA <kanwalpreet dot singh at st dot com>]

Hi Richard,

With your suggestion, using GCC-ARM ,I am able to link functions & symbols
located in ROM. I am able to fix the crash occuring on jumping to Thumb
function located in ROM.

I am facing a new problem.I have many static functions in my source files.
The image crashes when it enters a particular function in *.text section
located in Flash. When I debug the image, I found that one of the static
function is overwriting the original function code. This might have happened
during the loading of *.bss & *.data sections during runtime.

When I check Image.map file, I am not able to see this static function name.
Also I tried to diassemble the Image.out file  using arm-elf-objdump utility
but still cannot find this function.
The linker script file is correct since there is no section overlaps.

Where will static section be placed in Image.out? 
Can we define address for static section also?

Regards,
Kanwal
  

-----Original Message-----
From: Richard Earnshaw [mailto:rearnsha@arm.com] 
Sent: Wednesday, August 30, 2006 1:18 PM
To: Kanwal Preet Singh CHANANA
Subject: RE: FW: GCC ARM Cross Linker Problem


On Wed, 2006-08-30 at 05:05, Kanwal Preet Singh CHANANA wrote:
> Hi Richard,
> 
> Thanks for valuable suggestion. I will try the following to certify if 
> Image is running correctly on target.
> 
> Another thing, the symbols I am linking are in ROM. ROM code is 
> compiled with ADSv1.2 & "symbols.o" was generated using "-symdefs 
> symbols.o" option for armlink. Now when I link my Flash (project) code 
> with "symbols.o" using ADSv1.2 or RVDSv2.2,linker generates image with 
> no error but if I use GCC-ARM ,linker gives a error " symbols.o: File 
> format not recognised". This occurs due to EABI differences between 
> ADS & GCC-ARM.
> 
No, if you take a look at the symbols.o file, I think you will find that it
is just a plain text file with some magic header that allows the arm linker
to interpret it.  The format is pretty self-intuitive, but you can find full
details in the arm linker documentation.

> As per your suggestion, one "sym.s" will be included in  project code. 
> We want to use the same source code for ADS,RVDS & GCC-ARM(few changes 
> in *.s files are done using perl script). This will make sources to be 
> generic & compiled with above mentioned too chains.
> 

> Can I change "symbols.o" in a way so that GCC-ARM linker recognises it 
> ? In this way I dont have to add "sym.s" file.
> 

It ought to be possible to write a simple script that will process your
symbols.o file into something that you can assemble with the gnu assembler
into a real object file.

R.

> Regards,
> Kanwal
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Richard Earnshaw [mailto:Richard.Earnshaw@arm.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, August 29, 2006 7:54 PM
> To: Kanwal Preet Singh CHANANA
> Cc: vinayakbhalkar@Math.net; gcc-help@gcc.gnu.org;
> crossgcc@sources.redhat.com
> Subject: RE: FW: GCC ARM Cross Linker Problem
> 
> 
> The following works fine for me:
> 
> sym.s:
> 	.global	tfunc
> 	.type tfunc %function
> 	.equ	tfunc, 0x1235
> main.c:
> extern void tfunc(void);
> int main()
> {
>     tfunc();
>     return 0;
> }
> 
> arm-elf-as sym.s -o sym.o
> arm-elf-gcc main.c sym.o -o main.exe
> arm-elf-objdump -xd main.exe
> ...
> 00008224 <main>:
>     8224:       e1a0c00d        mov     ip, sp
>     8228:       e92dd800        stmdb   sp!, {fp, ip, lr, pc}
>     822c:       e24cb004        sub     fp, ip, #4      ; 0x4
>     8230:       eb0007f8        bl      a218 <__tfunc_from_arm>
>     8234:       e3a03000        mov     r3, #0  ; 0x0
>     8238:       e1a00003        mov     r0, r3
>     823c:       e89da800        ldmia   sp, {fp, sp, pc}
> ...
> 0000a218 <__tfunc_from_arm>:
>     a218:       e59fc000        ldr     ip, [pc, #0]    ; a220
> <__tfunc_from_arm
> +0x8>
>     a21c:       e12fff1c        bx      ip
>     a220:       00001235        andeq   r1, r0, r5, lsr r2
> ...
> 
> Notice that __tfunc_from_arm loads the value 0x1235 into a register 
> and issues a bx instruction, which will then correctly switch to Thumb 
> state.
> 
> R.
> 
> On Tue, 2006-08-29 at 14:47, Kanwal Preet Singh CHANANA wrote:
> > Hi Vinayak,
> > Kindly refer to below mail. I am already using this following method
> > but it is not working.
> > 
> > Regards,
> > Kanwal
> > 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: gcc-help-owner@gcc.gnu.org [mailto:gcc-help-owner@gcc.gnu.org]
> > On Behalf Of Vinayak Bhalkar
> > Sent: Tuesday, August 29, 2006 5:42 PM
> > To: kanwalpreet.singh@st.com
> > Cc: gcc-help@gcc.gnu.org; crossgcc@sources.redhat.com
> > Subject: Re: FW: GCC ARM Cross Linker Problem
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > Try following-
> > 
> > MaskInterrupt	=	0x00c008f9; 
> > 
> > Regards,
> > vinayak
> > 
> > --- kanwalpreet.singh@st.com wrote:
> > 
> > From: Kanwal Preet Singh CHANANA <kanwalpreet.singh@st.com>
> > To: <gcc-help@gcc.gnu.org>, <crossgcc@sources.redhat.com>
> > Subject: FW: GCC ARM Cross Linker Problem
> > Date: Tue, 29 Aug 2006 14:59:35 +0530
> > 
> > Hi all,
> > 
> > I am able to compile & Link my source files with a workaround
> > mentioned below:
> > 
> > The absolute symbols defined in symbols.o are
> > 
> > 0x000002a8 D CurTask
> > 0x00c008f8 T MaskInterrupt
> > Where Curtask is data located in RoM & MaskInterrupt is function in
> > Thumb Mode.
> > 
> > I used following definations in Linker Script
> > 
> > pCurTask		=	0x000002a8; 
> > MaskInterrupt	=	0x00c008f8; 
> > 
> > With this I am able to link & built Image.axf file. But when running
> > on target,the image crashes at a point when it jumps to 
> > MaskInterrupt(shown above) . The reason is that the Linker assumes 
> > MaskInterrupt function to be in ARM mode.When it jumps there, it 
> > expects 4 byte ARM instruction but the code at this location has 2 
> > Byte Thumb Instruction.
> > 
> > The Thumb Interwork option is enabled in Build options.
> > 
> > Can anyone suggest me a method to Link above symbols in a way so 
> > that
> > GCC-ARMv4.0.3 knows whether the symbols is Data or Thumb Function or 
> > ARM function? If there is a way, then Image will run correctly on 
> > Target. Also if anyone needs any help on Project porting from ADS to 
> > GCC-ARM,then I can help him out.
> > 
> > Please suggest a wayout to fix the above problem.
> > Regards,
> > Kanwal
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: gcc-help-owner@gcc.gnu.org [mailto:gcc-help-owner@gcc.gnu.org]
> > On Behalf Of Kanwal Preet Singh CHANANA
> > Sent: Monday, August 21, 2006 3:48 PM
> > To: gcc-help@gcc.gnu.org
> > Subject: GCC ARM Cross Linker Problem
> > 
> > 
> > Hi all,
> > 
> > I am porting my project from ADS from ARM to GCC ARM Tool chain. I 
> > am
> > able to compile my source files but fail to link. I have a symbols file
> (symbols.o) with absolute symbols addresses in format
> > Symboladdress SymbolType Symbolname e.g
> > 
> > 0x000002a8 D CurTask
> > 0x00c008f8 T MaskInterrupt
> > 
> > These symbols are located in ROM( code built with ADS) & project 
> > image
> > will be in flash. When I use this same file during build with ARM ADS, 
> > it works fine but with GCC ARM tool chain,I get following error 
> > message
> > 
> > "./symbols.o: file not recognized: File format not recognized"
> > 
> > Can anybody please tell me the solution to this error? Can I link
> > objects built with ADS with GCC ARM ?
> > 
> > Regards,
> > Kanwal
> > 
> > 
> > 
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